The electrochemical cell consists of two half-cells, each containing an electrode immersed in a solution of ions whose activities determine the electrode's potential
In a potentiometric acid-base titration, an indicator is not necessary. A pH meter is used to measure the pH as base is added in small increments (called aliquots) to an acid solution. A graph is then made with pH along the vertical axis and volume of base added along the horizontal axis
Calomel and silver/silver-chloride electrodes are commonly used in potentiometric titration. In the case of possible interferences of chlorides (as in determination of halides), a mercurous sulfate electrode may be used. In the following series of experiments a home made Ag/AgCl/1 M KCl reference electrode is used.
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